Accuracy in 3 D Particle

This paper presents a novel way of identifying and illustrating the accuracy in the particle tracing method for ow visualization. We make use of explicit Runge-Kutta methods for particle tracing in steady velocity elds, and describe three approaches to estimate the accuracy of the calculated path. These approaches are: reintegration (with smaller tolerance or in a backward direction), global error estimators and residuals in the velocity eld. Visualization paradigms are also presented to convey data accuracy information and these ideas are implemented in an Open Inventor / IRIS Explorer environment.